Special eyeglass lenses may help reduce double vision. If you have puffy eyelids, your doctor may advise you to sleep with your head raised to reduce swelling. If your eyelids do not fully close, taping them shut at night can help prevent dry eyes.
Your doctor may recommend surgery to improve bulging of your eyes and correct the vision changes caused by pressure on the optic nerve.
A procedure called orbital decompression makes the eye socket bigger and gives the eye room to sink back to a more normal position. Eyelid surgery can return retracted eyelids to their normal position. Eating foods that have large amounts of iodine—such as kelp, dulse, or other kinds of seaweed—may cause or worsen hyperthyroidism. Taking iodine supplements can have the same effect. Talk with your health care professional about what foods you should limit or avoid, and let him or her know if you take iodine supplements.
Also, share information about any cough syrups or multivitamins that you take because they may contain iodine. The NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public.
How common is Graves' disease? Who is more likely to develop Graves' disease? What is Graves' disease? The thyroid is a small gland in your neck that makes thyroid hormones.
Radioactive iodine uptake test. This test measures the amount of iodine the thyroid collects from the bloodstream.
Thyroid scan. This scan shows how and where iodine is distributed in the thyroid. With other causes of hyperthyroidism such as nodules—small lumps in the gland—the iodine shows up in a different pattern. Learn more about thyroid tests. Radioiodine therapy For radioiodine therapy, you take radioactive iodine I by mouth as a capsule or liquid. You take radioactive iodine as a capsule or liquid.
Medicines Beta blockers. Eye drops can relieve dry, gritty, irritated eyes. When medication is taken, the radioactive iodine soon builds up in the thyroid gland and slowly destroys any overactive thyroid cells.
This results in a reduction in size of the thyroid gland, and fewer thyroid hormones being produced. Although there have been concerns that the radiation might increase risk of thyroid cancer , so far, no study has measured an increased danger. However, there is a very small risk of secondary cancers that may result from this treatment. Beta blockers are traditionally prescribed to deal with heart problems and hypertension. They work by blocking the effects of adrenaline and other similar compounds.
Beta blockers are often used alongside other treatments, meaning there is a risk that side-effects can occur due to the different drugs interacting with one another. However, it is still used if other treatments are unsuccessful. Thyroidectomy is the removal of all or part of the thyroid gland — how much depends on the severity of the symptoms.
The biggest advantage of surgery is that it is arguably the fastest, most consistent, and most permanent way to restore normal thyroid hormone levels. After surgery, patients may experience neck pain and a hoarse or weak voice, however, these should just be temporary, due to the breathing tube that is inserted into the windpipe during surgery. A scar will be present after surgery, the severity of it will depend on how much of the thyroid is removed. If only part of the thyroid is removed, the remaining portion is able to take over its functions.
If the whole thyroid is removed, the body will be unable to produce enough thyroid hormones, a condition known as hypothyroidism.
To treat this, a doctor will prescribe hormone pills, which replace the effect of the hormone. The eyes can become:. Due to the increased pressure on the optic nerves, untreated Graves ophthalmology can lead to double vision and possibly partial blindness.
It is an important part of the endocrine, or hormonal, system. It regulates metabolism by releasing hormones into the bloodstream. The diagnosis of hyperthyroidism is made on the basis of your symptoms and findings during a physical exam and it is confirmed by laboratory tests that measure the amount of thyroid hormones thyroxine, or T4, and triiodothyronine, or T3 and thyroid-stimulating hormone TSH in your blood see the Hyperthyroidism brochure.
The choice of initial diagnostic testing depends on cost, availability and local expertise. Also, in some patients, measurement of thyroidal blood flow with ultrasonography may be useful to establish the diagnosis if the above tests are not readily available. The treatment of hyperthyroidism is described in detail in the Hyperthyroidism brochure. All hyperthyroid patients should be initially treated with beta-blockers.
Antithyroid medications are typically preferred in patients who have a high likelihood of remission women, mild disease, small goiters, negative or low titer of antibodies.
If methimazole is chosen, it can be continued for months and then discontinued if TSH and TRAb levels are normal at that time.
If TRAb levels remain elevated, the chances of remission are much lower and prolonging treatment with antithyroid drugs is safe and may increase chances of remission. Long term treatment of hyperthyroidism with antithyroid drugs may be considered in selected cases.
If surgery thyroidectomy is selected as the treatment modality, the surgery should be performed by a skilled surgeon with expertise in thyroid surgery to reduce the risk of complications. Your doctor should discuss each of the treatment options with you including the logistics, benefits and potential side effects, expected speed of recovery and costs.
Although each treatment has its advantages and disadvantages, most patients will find one treatment plan that is right for them.
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